History & Culture of Georgia

God, after creating the world, summoned all of the peoples to dispense them the land. Georgians had been celebrating the previous evening and were late. God had already dispensed the whole world. When Georgians learned about it, they unfolded their fur coats before him, and began singing, dancing, drinking the wine. But the cheerfulness and charm of these people settled the god down, and he gave to the Georgians the spot of earth which he had reserved for himself: his garden.
When you get to know the country, you can imagine that it could have been the way the legend was told. The landscape of Georgia is diverse and admirable.
And the Georgians themselves are proverbially hospitable people.
"My homeland is my icon and the whole world is their iconic cry. Shining mountain and lowland we share with God. "- First words of the Georgian national anthem.
Georgia is a part of the Caucasus. The country is located on the border between Europe and Asia. Here in the Caucasus the ethno genesis of the Georgians took place and in a century-long process the Georgian nation was formed.
The history of Georgia is marked by the disintegration and reunification of the country and by the sign of the often lost and regained state independence.

Historical Overview
  At the time before Christ, there were already two Georgian kingdoms in Georgian territory: Colchis, called by Georgians as Egresi (West Georgia) and Iberia, Georgians named Kartli (East Georgia).
Colchis
It is an ancient Georgian kingdom on the Black Sea. The land of Apollonius of Rhodes (3rd century BC) was mentioned for the first time in his poem "Argonautica", which leads us to the roots of Western myths and culture. The legend about Argonauts tells us the story about the legendary Colchis, in which Jason landed with his Argonauts, fled by the golden fleece of the Colchis king Aetes.
 Epoch of King Parnavas (beginning of the 3rd century BC): Under his rule, a consolidation of the previously ruined Georgian tribes took place under a royal power. It was King Parnavas, who "extended the Georgian language, and there was no language in Kartli except Georgian." At this time, Georgia was also involved in the processes of Hellenism.    In the first quarter of the fourth century Georgia was Christianized. In 327, Christianity was declared to be the state religion of Iberia by King Miriani.
  A change of Georgia was the reign of King Wakhtang Gorgasali (End of the 5th century). The current capital - Tbilisi was founded in 458 by him. According to the legend, the king moored hot springs of sulfur during the hunt. A pheasant was fallen in and have been cooked. On the spot, the king founded the city of Tiflis (Georgian თბილისი Tbilisi, until 1936 ტფილისი Tpilisi). Today the famous sulfur baths are located here.
The epoch of the 12th and 13th centuries was the era of the "Golden Age" and the Georgian Renaissance. King Davit the Builder (1089-1125) transformed his country into one of the most powerful Christian empires. And the reign of Queen Tamar (1184-1213) was the culmination of both cultural and political life in Georgia. In this time the hero epic "The Recke im Tigerfell" (“The Knight in the Panther's Skin”) was written by the great Georgian writer Shota Rustaveli.
The unification and strength of Georgia lasted until the 15th century. The country separated into various kingdoms and principalities. From the 19th century it became part of the Russian empire. (1801-1917) Georgia was no longer a kingdom. Later, after the First World War, it regained its independence. The First Republic was founded (1918-1921).
After a renewed annexation (1921) and a 70-year Soviet communist regime, the long-awaited independence came again (1991), raised difficulties provoked by ethnic conflicts, lost two beautiful areas of Abkhazia and Samachablo (so-called South Ossetia). Today the Second Republic of Georgia is on the way to development and a rise.